Zo People at France Before the First World Wars

1917 Zomi From the called 'Chin Hills' , the central Himalayas mountainous region;
Thousands of Zomi Pute, from Tedim, Tonzang, Haimual, Saizang, Anlangh, Laitui, Tuipi, etc flight to France AS partners.



ZOMITE’ KHUA MUH CIILNA

Thu patna

Zogam pen Mikang kumpi in 1895 kum a kipanin hong uk uh hi. Tua hun lai-in Mikang kumpite in gam tampi uk (colonized) uh a, Mikang Kumpi gamah ni tum ngei lo hi kici liang hi.

Kum 1914-1919 sung England leh Germany gam kido uh a, galpi khatna (First World War) kici hi. Leitung galpi khatna 1914 Kumin piang a, tua gal kidona-ah Englandte tampi
si-in Kham dangka Pound 900 Million val bei hi. England leh France kipawlin,
France gam ah a kisim laitakun Englandte in amau’ huhna gam tengah huhna mah ngen kawikawi uh hi. Tua hunin Ih Kawl gam England Kumpi in hong uk khin a hih manin, Kawl gamah zong huhna hong ngen kik uh hi.

@ Tedim gam (Kamhau Uk/ Sihzang Uk)sung gam tengah huhna ngen dingin Mawlaik panin Deputy Commissioner D.D.F.O.Lowler 1917 January nipi masa sungin Tedim hong tung hi. Hih Ukpi 3 sung tengah ki kaikhawmin, gal huh ding gen hi. Amasa-in Ukpite in nanial uh hi. A hi zongin F.O Lowler in, 1891 June 23, ni a kibawl, kiciamna bulphuhin huhna hong nget ciangin, Ukpite in nanial ngam nawnlo uh hi. Hau Cinkhup makai-in Ukpite in amau’ uk sung ciatah mi kaihkhop sakin, ZOGAM pan in galkap kuli ding mihing 1033 ngah sak uh hi. A kingen zah sangin a tam zaw ngah sak uh hi.

1916 kumin London khuapi-ah gal vaihawm pawl (War Committee) thukimna bangin
Kuli (Labor Corps) lak ding thukim uh hi. Tua pen gal sung a Kuli nasem ding ci lehang kitel pen ding hi. Gal huh ding a apai mite Tedimah kha 3 sung nasep sinsak phot uh hi. Kha 3 sung a man khit uh ciangin inn lamah kha lang sung ciah khuan pia uh hi. 1917 May 15 ni-in gal huh ding mi 1033-te Tedim ah kituah uh a, France gal
mai a na sem dingin, Tedim khua panin anuai a bangin pai uh hi.

1917 May 27 Zingsang nai 10:00 Tedim panin Dimlo-ah giak uh hi.

1917 May 28, Dimlo panin Thangpi-ah giak hi.

1917May 30, Tulsuk panin Kawlpi-ah giak hi.

917 May 31, Kawlpi panin Gunkhawm tunginGunkhawm pan in tum theih a
tuamtaum tawh na muak uh hi.

1917 June 1, Gunkhawm panin Tembaw tawh Myanyan June ni 4 ni-in Tung uh a zan thum tam uh hi.

1917 June 8, Myanyan panin Yangon tung uh hi. Sya PoTha in zing an nekpihin France pai ding teng, zatep bu nih, Khakkhi puan ak khat tek, pheituam khat, puanak tungsilh
khat mainul khat leh sunsiah phel khat tek pia uh hi.

1917 June 9, Zogam panin a ki kha sukte tawh mangpha kikhakin,Yangon pan Tembaw tawh ding khia uh hi.

1917 June 13,Nitak nai 5:00 India Khuapi Culcutta tung uh a,

1917June 24, Nitak nai 5:00 Culcutta pan Meileng tawh Bombay pai hi.

1917June 28, Nitak nai 6:00-ah Bombay khua tungin Zato-ah ki ensak uh a, khua vot thuak zolo mi 15 ciah sak uh hi.

1917June 29, Nitak nai 3:00 Sente’ Tembaw tuangin Bombay pan ding khia uh hi. Arabia
tuipi tungah ni 13 sung paisuak uh hi.

1917 July 14, Nitak nai 5:00-in Eden huan tung uh a Inn sung lutpah theilo uh hi.
Nai 7:00PM, ciang lut thei uh hi.

1917 July 17, Eden pan Tembaw ni 4 sung pai uh a, Igypt gam Suez canal zuan uh hi.

1917 ni 21 ni-in, Suez tung uh a, Tua kikal sehnel gam bekbek a hi hi. Suez canal pen England te’vanleng phualpi hi a, a galvanlengte uh muhnop sa mahmah uh hi.

1917 July 26, Nitak nai 6:00 Suez Khuapi panin Meileng tawh pai uh hi.

1917 July 27, Zingsang 8:00 Egypt gam Alexandria khuapi tung uh a, nitak lamin Tembaw tawh paisuakin Italy gam Toronto khuapi tungin. Nisa mahmah in, suantawm singkung te bek po a, Sing kung tungah Toktol tam mahmah ahih manin, Toktol khua ci-in ciamteh uh hi.

1917 August ni 6 ni-in Toronto khua panin meileng tawh ni 8 sung pai-in, Moh leh niantui bekbek tawh vakin nuamsa mahmah uh hi.

1917 August 14 ni France Khuapi Marselles a tun uh ciangin, Khasum Rs. 50/- Oversea Allowvance Rs. 100/- sang sak uh hi.

*Sukte leh Sihzaang mi teng, No.61 Labour Corp min pia-in, Kamhau’ mi No. 62 Labour Corp min pia a, Capt, Rund-all in uk hi.

1917 Aug 24, Marselles khua panin meileng tawh ding ding khia kikin, England leh Germany te’ kikapna mun Bikot camp 1917 August 27 ni-in tung uh hi. Tua lai-ah nasep laitakin, Tonzang te Neng Zalang in khutlet bomb khat puakkhamsak kha a hih manin, mi 6 liamin tuate Zato pension kipia hi.

Bikot camp panin Brazil-ah ki tuah kik uh a, tua camp ah a om sungun sun leh zanin thau ging bekbek kawlmim kanpuak ging bangin tai 100 huam sung, thautang san ziahzuah ci-in lim gen mahmah uh hi. Piancit paite pen galkap hilo-in vansiate khawmtuah, galte’ zat ding thauvui thautang annek tui dawn, a suah a sang leh a kisam bangbang asem uh a hi hi.
Bikot khua a om lai-un ana seppih uh midangte tawh, lungnop nadingin bawlung
kidem zel uh hi. Tua kidemna-ah na zo uh a hih manin, Piancitte in lamdang
sa-in a pahtawina uh Lian Zakham in a nuai abangin la na phuak hi.

*(a) **Piantui a zal mi zatam te’n, kua’ vontawi bel hiam ci e,*

*(b) **Kua’ vontawi ci’n khau bang sut ing, puvon ngo sal bang lange,*

1.Egypt, 2.Fiji, 3.India, 4.Malta, 5.Mauritius, 6.Seychelles, 7.British West Indies, 8.South Africa leh 9. China gamte panin Kuli ding la uh hi.

1@ Egypt panin 100,000,

2@ India panin 21,000,

3@ South Africa panin 20,000

4@ China panin mi 50,000 la uh a, tua lakah 2000 bang si hi kici hi.

5@ Kawlgam pen India tawh kigawm hi a,

1.Hindu, 2.Shynteng, 3.Khasi, 4.Lusei, 5.Meitei, 6.Bihar, 7.Orissa, 8.Pathan, 9.Bengali, 10.Kumoan, leh 11.Zomi zong la uh hi.


Mikang kumpi in Zogam Ukpite tungah mi pia dingin a nget bangin Ukpite in nial ngam loin piak dingin thukim hi. Khamtung mi 3000 sung panin Zomi 1000 kila hi. A pai
ding mite pen si dinga kipia ahi uh hi. Dahin kapin, innkuanpihte tawh khitui luangin a kimu nawn lo dingin kingaihsun uh a, sivui-in kivui-uh a, sa kigawh uh hi kici hi. Lawm ngaih neite ading bangin na diak ding hi. Mi tampi mah zong si takpi hi. Tua hun lai-in Zomite khuamuhna toi mahmah a, koimah puapial ngei lo, leitung dang a om cih zong thei lo uh hi. Zomite in Gunkhawm khang lamah mihing om nawn lo dingin ngaihsun uh a, Mizote in Silchar khang siahah mihing om nawn lo dingin
ngaihsun hi kici hi. Kumpite in a paite pen Dolsing inn leh Zanglo piak ding ci-in kamciam bawl uh hi. Tedim ah tawlkhat kisinna a neih khit uh ciangin inn lamah ciahkik sakin, Tedim ah kituahkik uh hi.


Zogam panin Capt. Fowler makaihna tawh kum 1917 May 27 ni-in Gunkhawm paisuk uh a, tua panin meileeng tawh Zangkung tung uh hi. India panin khamtung mite zong Syhlet
(Chittagong) zui-in Akyap tawnin Zangkung pai-in Zogam pana pai khamtung mite tawh kisutuah uh hi. Zangkung panin Teembawpi tawh dingkhia-in Kolkata, Mumbai, Eden, Suez
Canal tawnin France (Piantit) gam Marseilles khua kum 1917 August 15 ni-in tung uh hi.


Amau pen France leh Belgium gamgi a om dingin kiseh a, kidona phual panin tai 25 bekin gamla hi. Nisimin galkidona thau kap leh thaupi kap san ziahziah mu den uh hi. A nasep ding uh pen galsunga a liamte tawm ding, galvan suah leh kaihkhop cihte ahi hi. India Company 61 leh 62 ci-in ciamteh uh hi. Laisiam lo uh ahih manin a min uh leh a omna gam uh savun khat tungah gelhin a ban uhah bulhsak uh hi. A min uh a kisap ciangin a thei lo zong om a, a omna gam uh leh khua zong a gen thei lo om hi kici hi. Pu Song Theu leh Pu Thawng Za Kai cihte in kamphen uh hi. Zomite in misan, mivom, mikangte tawh na sem khawm uh hi.

Alexandria khua a a om sung vua, Gualkhate tawh tuipek a kidemna cimphawng holim thei uh hi. Alexandria a om sungun Arabia tuipi kantanin, tui hualte nasia lua mahmah ahih manin, Motor kham bangin khamin an ne zolo tui dawn zolo-in a om laitakun inn ciacia, saipi ciacia a pha ngasa (Whale) gual khat ciangin tul val bang a pha ding tai 2 sung bang, nisuahna pan nitumna lam manawhin a tai hanhan ngasa a muh uh ciangin lamdang sa-in muhnop sa mahmah uh hi.


*Bikot campah a om sungun, England galkap suah theih nadingin British Parliament-ah ngen uh a, England Kumpi in ih pu ihpate, galhan dan, galsiam dan thei khin uh a hih manun, piak dingin thu zasak uh hi.

1917 December kha-in, England Prime Minister leh galkap maang pawl khatte Brazil camp-ah pai uh a, Tonzaangte Gin vum leh a lawmte pawl khat in, zahtakna na pialo kha uh a hih manin kha 3 sung thong kiasak hi.

London paina:

Brazil camp a na semte khen 78, pha uh a, tua sung panin No. 61 leh No. 62, Labour corpte’ hanciamna leh nasep siamna minthang mahmah a hih manin, Kumpi
King george V. in, “Ki mu nuam ing,” ci a hih manin, a kimu dingin corp 2 sung panin ki teng khia uh hi. Tuate Kumpipa tawh kimu dingin sam a


1918 March ni 9 ni-in ding khia-in, ni 10 ni-in, Boulogue khua pan Tembaw tawh English Channel kantanin pai uh a, nitak nai 4-in England Tembaw khawlna tung uh hi. Tua panin Meileng tawh pai-in, nitak nai 9-in London meileng khawlna tung uh hi. Tua lai-ah Uliante in na dawn uh a, Indiate’ tunna inn khat dawl kuana ah tung sak uh hi.


Kumpipa tawh kimuhna:

Tua inn deipi sungah Prime Minister leh Minister dangte in na muak uh hi. Zingsang nai 11, ciangin kumpipa tawh kimu ding leh, galkap puan silh ding vaikhak uh a, khut kilenin kikhen uh hi. England Kumpi in a khangkhangin atenna Buckingham palace -ah Kumpi King george v. tawh kimu ding a pai teng:-

1. Mawlaik Deputy Commissioner F.O. Fowler

2. Subidar Mangpum( Khuasak )

3. Interpreter Thawng Zakai (Muizawl )

4. Company Commender. Songtheu (Tualzaang )

5. Interpreter.Thuampau (Khawsak )

6. Company Commander. Vungh Zakham (Tonzaang )

7. Company commander. Kam Zanang (Tuipi )

8. Company Commander. Hau Zanang (Heilei )

9. Platoon Comander. Hang Khawcin (Tuitawh )

10. Platoon Commander. Thiaukam (Kaptel )

11. Sergeant. Vialzen (Vangteh )


1918 March 11 zingsang nai 8,-in,Uliante in a zintunna uh panin Motor tawh la-in Kumpipa tawh Kumpipa’ innah paipih uh hi. Khamtawh kizut a sau mahmah saiha 4 leh sailu 2 a kisuanna Kumpipa’ zin dona inn dei sungah kigualin, Kumpipa’ hong pai ding ngak uh hi. Zingsang nai 9-in Kumpipa a galkap puan tawh kizemin huihluai tawh hong tuak sukin, 3 vei zahtakna a piak khit uh ciangin khut kilenin a nuai a bangin kumpipa in thu hong gen hi.

Kumpipa’ thu gente:

Hih zahtak a agamla, Zo gam Tedim panin, gal huh ding a hong pai Labour corp 61 leh 62 sung panin, galmai nasepna khempeuhah deihsakna tak tawh, hanciamin paubanna omlo-in, hoihtakin zo cih ka za hi. "Na sep hoih in hanciam in, na cihtak na uh mu ka hih man in ka lungdam mah mah hi. Leitung hunah, England Kumpi’ thu neihna a bei matengin, England mi khat ka om lai tengun, Zomi Tedim mi peuhmah gilkial dangtakin hong puksisak lo ding hi ung. Na gentheihna mun khempeuh vuah England Kumpi in hongkem ding hi ung.” Ci-in thu a gen khit ciangin, “Note tawh sau veipi ka om nop hangin, ka nasepna tamin hun ngahlo ka hihmanin, ka dah mahmah hi. London khua-ah na om sungun, na lamdang tuamtuamte Minister te in hong lak kawikawi ding hi,” ci-in thu a gen khit ciangin, khut kilenin kikhen uh hi.

Tua khit ciangin i Pu te, Kumpipa lim kisuanna inn dei sungah, man (Photo) kizaih uh hi. Minister khat in makaihin kumpipa’ inn sung panin nidang lai a, mawhnei kumpi Nu’ kithahna nalamdang tuamtuamte etpih kawikawi hi. Kumpipa inn tai 2 huam bang zai hi. Inn tungah dial mun 16-ah kikhai a, Nidang lai London khua meikatna leh, zinlinna te lim sungah ensak uh hi. Kumpi inn sungah naupang kum 12 gual a pha mi 150-te in, Kumpipa’ lungnopna dingin, nisimin Benkhaza (Music) tumin lam zel uh hi, ci-in ki gen hi.

1918 March 12, ni-in Parliament kikhopna-ah kahsak uh hi. A pai ma-un Kumpipa Zum khan vel masa uh hi. Parliament kikhopna inn sung a lut uh ciangun, mipite in zahtakna pia-in ding uh hi. Kikhopna a man uh ciangin, Kawlgam Governor pa in, a innah moh leh niangtui tawh vak hi. Tua lai a nasep sin Kawl mi 13-te tawh, kiho khawmin nitak ciangin Cinema etpih uh hi.

1918 march 13, zingsang annek khit ciangin, ganhing khawina (Zoo) en uh hi. A ciah uh ciangin Whiter leh whiteson companyte in, Singgahtui tawh vak hi.

1918 March 14 ni-in, England Kumpi a sem ngei khempeuh leh, vaihawm ulian khempeuhte’ laizangah, Kumpi King George V. 4-te’ innkuan lim omna etpih uh hi. Tua mun a cing galkap khat, Songtheu in milim sa-in a khamul a lawnsak kha hi. Tua lai pen milim lah mihing kisa, mihing lah milim kisa thei hi, ci-in gen uh hi.


Nitak lam ciangin, Kham leh ngun ki bawlna sik namkim leh van tuamtaum kibawlna munte en uh hi.


1918 March 15 nitak an nek khit ciangin, London khua nawl a om vanleng bawlna mun etpih uh hi.

1918 march 16 ni-in India Governor pa in anvak a, An a nek khit uh ciangin Roll company leh Whiteson Companyte in sam leuleu uh hi. Nek theih dawntheih tuamtuam tawh zindo uh hi. Roll Company inntung a sang pen munah, bawlung tualpi om a, tua panin London khua sung kimu thei hi. Roll Company inn laizangah inn tung leh inntual kikal, khuampi khat om a, a kim kot mel tuamtuam nei singpek tawh kizem hi. Dawhkan bangin ki umcip hi. Tua khuam pen a tawntungin kipei den a, van leite in khuam kipei den tunga sabuai sungah sum khia leh vante a mau’ gei sabuai-ah hong pai lel hi, ci-in gen uh hi. Lampi gei vanzuaknate-ah, a van man zah ding sum kikhia-in, Switch ki mek leh a leinop van pusuak hi.


1918 March 20 ni-in ciah kik ding gelna a om hangin, Germany galkap a kiman tul 300-te puakna-in Tembaw teng kizang ahih manin, ciah theilo uh hi.
Nasepna-ah kuh kalin, thahatin, thuman uh ahih manin Mikang kumpi King George V in London khuapi en dingin sam a, Capt. Fowler makaihna tawh

1. Mang Pum,

2. Thawng Za Kai,

3. Song Theu,

4. Kam Za Mang,

5. Vung Za Kham,

6. Thuam Pau,

7. Vial Zen,

8. Hau Za Nang,

9. Hang Khaw Cin,

10. leh Cin Kamte pai uh hi.

Mikang pau a thei teng hi kha ding hi. Kum 1918 March 27 ni in London khuapi sunga Kumpipa inn Buckingham Palace kici tung uh a, innpi sung teng etpihin, datsian (cinema) ensakin, uliante anne khopna-ah kihelsak uh hi. Kumpi inn cing santali
(duty) te pen khauh lua uh a, mit zong phia lo liang uh ahih manin milim kisa-in, milim lah mihing kisa hi ci uh hi.


Mikang galkap suak nuamte suak thei ci uh a, pawl khat in min pia-in tentan (training) zong nei uh hi. Ahi zongin inn lamah gal om cih a zak uh ciangin kuamah omsuak ngam loin hong ciah kiik leuleu uh hi. Inn lamah kidona omin lo kho thei loin mipite haksa mahmah hi cih a zak uh ciangin ciah ding ngen uh a, an ngawl liangin a nget uh ciangin ciahsak uh hi. France gama Kuli dinga paite pen “Piantit Pai” kici a, “Piantit” pen Kawl pau hi a, France gam cihna hi.


1918 March 22, ni-in London pan ciahkhia-in, Brazil camp a tun uh ciangin, England galkap lut theihna ding lai tunga, galkap a suak nuamte galkap dan sin dingin Lyons camp -ah kisuan uh hi. Tuate pai khiat ni zanin, thautang koihna innpi bomb in kha a, tua munah ki om ngam nawnlo-in mundangah kitai hi. Galtaina mun panin, England galkap a suak nuam lote inn lamah ciahsak hi. England galkap suak a, Lyons camp a galkap sinte a nuai abangin za kipia hi:-

1.Capt F.O Fowler – Colonel

2. Gordon – Lt. Colonel

3. Warald – Major

4. Ohtakhin -Captain

5. Thawng Zakai -Captain -Muizawl

6. Thuampau – Captain -Khuasak

7.Vung Zakham – Leutanant -Tonzaang

8. Songtheu – Leutanant – Kaptel

9. Kam Zamang – Lieutanant -Tuipi

10. Kimvungh -Lieutanant – Lamzaang

11. Do Cinlian -Lieutanant – Haupi

12. Cinkhai -2nd,Lieutanant -Tuitum

13. Lian Zathang -Lieutanant – Laitui

14. Pau Cinlian -Lieutanant – Gamngai

15. Pau Zacin -Subidar – Suangzaang

Atung a bangin za tuamtuamte a piak banah, Sergeant, Corporal akipan za tuamtuam a ngah tampi ki om hi. Tuate Lyons camp-ah nipi 3 sung galkap dan a sin sak laitakin Zo gam panin laikhak ki ngah a, Kuki Thahdo leh Hakha gal kisimna hangin lo ki kho theilo cih thu a zak ciangun, Zo gam ciah kik ding a khuan ngen uh a, 1918 July kha-in hong ciahin August kha-in Tedim hong tung uh hi.


Marseilles panin Meaulte-ah kisuan uh a, tua panin Fricourt Salvage, tua panin Abancourt leh Rouen tung uh hi. Rouen panin Marseilles ah kilehkikin Taranto panin inn lamah ciahkik uh hi. Khua vot thuak zo lo leh dam lohna tuamtuam hangin mi
1000 lak panin 24 si a, France gama galkapte han (war cemetery) ah kivui uh hi. Hih a kivuina mun pen Marseilles khua hi dingin ki-um mawh hi. Hih han-ah India mi 1002 kivui hi ci-in ki ciamteh hi. Tua a site pen

1. Suan Thang,
2. Zuan Pum,
3. Kai Gin,
4. Maha Peng,
5. Gin Dam,
6. Ngul Gin,
7. Pau Pum,
8. Son Neng,
9. Thang Eng,
10. Tut Lang,
11. Tuang Pum,
12. Vial Dam,
13. Vum Dai,
14. Gin Nang,
15. Kam Nang,
16. Go Kam,
17. Sian Lut,
18. Lang Za Khen,
19. Kam Ngul,
20. Tual Kim,
21. Lun Kap,
22. Khup Za Dal,
23. Khoi Cin,
24. Cin Khai
cihte ahi uh hi.
1917 June 13, Vungh Za Kham, Kei zang (India Khuapi Culcutta ah)
Bikot cam ah om laitakin Tonzaangte Khup Za Dal in, kampau khialhna khat tawh kimanin, a suahtak khit ciangin buksau natna khat tawh si hi. Tua pa pen England galkapte in thupi takin zahtakna tak tawh vui uh hi.

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France gam pai A meetna :

1. France gam paite hong ciah uh ciangin sum nei uh ahih manin a pai lote sangin nuntak nuam sa zaw uh hi. Leitung khua muhna bek hi loin sum thalawh ciilna zong ahi hi.

2. Galpi khit ciangin nakpi takin Zogamah Khristiante khang hi. 1918 kumin Khristian 500 bek om a, Kum 1924 ciangin 4,046 pha ta uh hi. Khristian a tam zaw pen Tedim mite sung pan hi a, France gam paite hang hi kici hi.

3. Zomite gal hang sa uh ahih manin Mikang kumpi in Zomite adingin galkap phuan uh a, “First Chin Battalion” kici 1921 kumin Kawlgam ah kiphuan hi. Battalion thum dong
kiphuan a, First, Second, Third Chin Rifles kici hi. Kawlgamah galkap kumpi a khan ciangin kiphiat kik hi.

4. France gam paite tung panin puansilh zia kithei ta hi. A puansilh uh pen Police puan tawh kibang khakhi puan, bombi sing, puan-ak bantawng, zian lukhu, puan khedap mawza leh ngalvial nei uh a, thupi kisa mahmah hi. Galpi khatna ma-in puan kisilh mel loin, pasalte in dialkaih tawh zum selin, numeite in puan them letmat li ding tawh a nuai lam sel a, a tung lam pen kai lihliah sak lel uh hi. Galpi khatna khit ciangin puansilh a kisap zia kithei ta hi.

5. Piantiti pai te Galkap taktak ahih loh uh hangin, galkapte mah bangin ki-uk a, gawtna kipia a, khasum zong kipia hi. Khasum pen mi khat in 10, 15, 20, 25 bang hi a, kam phente in 20, a site luang man 100, liamna tuakte 50 kipia hi. Zomite gamdang zinkhiat a khatveina hi a, a khua muh ciilna uh ahi hi. A na muhte uh vanleeng, teembaw, thaupi leh tuipi a muhte uh thupi sa-in gencim thei lo uh hi. A muh thute uh leh a tuah thute uh tangthu bang in gen belin nei uh hi. Khasum cih bang a kitheih cilna ahi hi. Hong ciah uh ciangin sum pua tek uh ahih manin kithupi ngaihsut mahmah a, nungak a deih peuhpeuh uh tenpih thei hi kici hi.

6. Khua muhna hong kidang ahih manin Khristian a suah lawh zong tampi omin, Khristian hong khang tuam hi kici hi. Lungleng khuangai-in a omna uh panin ciahkik ding pen kilawp lua mahmah uh ahih manin La zong tampi phuak uh hi.

a) Pian tui a gam lei aw e, sial zatam tuang a tunna,

b) Sial zatam pian tui ngak hen aw, I sau lam zong ta ni e.


Piancit paina h ang in A meet lohna:

1) France gam pai ding pen aana tawh kila hi a, ut lopipi mahin a pai uh ahi hi. A pai nuam lo Khalkha mite leh kumpite kidona-ah Khalkha mi 40 bang si-in khua 18 kihalsak hi. Hih pen “Anglo-Chin War” (1917) kici hi. Hih kidona hangin France
gama Kuli nasem a om Zomite hong ciahkik uh hi.

2) India lam ah zong Manipur a om Kukite in France gam pai nuam loin nial uh a, kumpite lang pan uh ahih manin Mikang kumpi in galkap 100 sawlin simsak hi. Kukite in zong na do uh a, kum nih sung bang kido uh hi. Khua 86 kihalsakin, mi tampi kithat uh hi. Hih kidona pen “Anglo-Kuki War” (1917- 1919) kici hi.

3) Mikang kumpite in Zomi Kulite tungah a kamciam uh ahi Dolsing inn leh Zaanalo pia lo hi. Capt. Fowler in a genna-ah Zomite in gal kidona a tawp dong sem zo loin gal a venh ma-in ciah uh ahih manin a kipia lo hi ci hi.


Thukhupna:

Tua mah bangin Zomite in leitungah mi dang om ding cih zong a theih ma uh a France gam pai cih pen lamdang a sak ding mah uh hi. Niikten puansilh zong a silh nai lo minamte France gam pai cih mawk pen lamdang thu khat hi mawk hi. Nidangin sum kizangh nai lo loin, van kilei ciangin van mah tawh kikhek cih danin kilei hi. Gan a lei nop uh ciangin buh seu tua zah, cih danin kilei uh hi. France gam paite hong ciah uh ciangin sum zatzia kithei ta hi. Puansialh zia a thei nai lote in puansilh ding ahih zia kiphawk ta hi. Nagate bang pen puan zong silh loin dialkaih bek mah tawh pai uh hi. Ahi zongin thatang hat uh ahih manin Mikang kumpite in pakta mahmah uh hi. Hih pen Zomite khuamuh ciilna hi a, “Uino mitkeuh” a kicih mah bangin
Zomite’ khuamuh ciilna ahi hi.

Hih Kuli lakna-ah Khalkha mite ut loin nial uh hi. Khalkha khua-ah galsim ding mi 5000 kikaikhawm uh a, kumpite lehdo uh hi. Khalkha leh Falam kikal lampi khaktan uh a, kumpite na do uh hi.

July 18, 1918 in Tedim ong tung kik uh a; Piancit gamah Kum khat leh kha 6* sung na sem uh a, galmai leh natna tawh hong sihsante longal, Mangkaang Kumpi in minphatna *PAHTAWINA LAI
* (Certificate) khat ciat pia uh hi.

*CERTIFICATE*

*This is Certificate is given to ——————-who enrolled voluntarily as a mate
in the Burma labour Corp and worked in france for the British Government
during the great war. He worked loyally and well in all; weather by night as
well as by day and every advance and often dangerous condition and willingly
and cheerfully bare his share of the burdens of the day. This fact should
ever be remembered to his credit by those who have any dealings with him and
may all officials deal with him and his family in the liberal for him on
which the place his service at the disposed of the empire in its hour of
stress may he and his family never be forgotten*.

Sd/-
F.O Fowler (Capt)
Burma Commission

Piancit pai Labour Corps a nasemte lungzuan khuangaihna tuamtuam kawm kalah
mi 23 te in hong nusia uh hi. *Tuate in*:-

1. Ngulngin 4. 10 .1917

2. Thangeng 25. 12. 1917

3. Tutlangh 29. 10. 1917

4. Tuangpum 9. 12. 1917

5. Vialdam 9. 12. 1917

6. Ginneng 31. 10. 1917

7. Vumdai 26. 10. 1917

8. Kamang 28. 10. 1017

9. Ngokam 9. 10. 1917

10. Tualkim 4. 9. 1917

11. Lunkap 7. 12. 1917

12. Khoigin 6. 6. 1017

13. Khup Zadal 15. 10. 1917

14. Lang Zakhen 12. 2. 1917
---

PIANTIT (FRANCE) PAINA THU (1917-1918)
Thu masa
Leitung galpi khatna 1914 kumin hong om ciangin England kumpi in gal huh dingin Ukpipa kiangah a na ngen a, Ukpipa Hau C Khup in gal huh ding mi 1033 na ngah sak hi. Tua te Piancit pai dingin 1917 May 27 ni lianin ih pu ih pate Tedim panin na ding khia uh hi. Piancit gam a tun uh ciangin gal leh sa mai-ah na semin kum 1 leh kha 6 sung na tam uh a, 1918 August kha-in Tedim na tung kik uh hi. Gal sungah thauvui thautang mai-ah na a sep lai-un inn lam zong thei dingin kilam en nawn hetlo uh hi ta leh mi 23 lo buang cidamin Zogam na zuan kik uh a Piancit pai ngei a hi Ka Pu Khualsuan (Phaiza) in hong gen ciangin "Tuipi tungah sun 40 leh zan 40 ka pai uh hi. Tuipi sungah ni sialpi cia-in hong suakin sialpi cia mahin tum kik hi. Tuihualte lian lua mahmah ahih manin thaupi tawh kikap kham zel hi," ci-in lamdang a sakna thu leh a tuak khak thute hong gen ciangin zaknopsa-in a mai-ah kamka heuhau liangin ka ngai thei zel hi.
Leitung galpi khatna 1914 Kumin piang a, tua gal kidona-ah Englandte tampi si-in Kham dangka Pound 900 Million val bei hi. England leh Franch kipawlin, Franch gamah a kisim laitakun Englandte in amau¡ö huhna gam tengah huhna mah ngen kawikawi uh hi. Tua hunin Ih Kawl gam England Kumpi in hong uk khin a hih manin, Kawl gamah zong huhna hong ngen kik uh hi. Sukte gam, Kamhau¡ö gam, Sihzang¡ö gam tengah huhna ngen dingin Mawlaik panin Deputy Commissioner F.O.Fowler 1917 January nipi masa sungin Tedim hong tung hi. Hih Ukpi 3 sung tengah ki kaikhawmin, gal huh ding gen hi. Amasa-in Ukpite in nanial uh hi. A hi zongin F.O Lowler in, 1891 June 23, ni a Thangpi a kibawl, kiciamna bulphuhin huhna hong nget ciangin, Ukpite in nanial ngam nawnlo uh hi. Hau Cinkhup makai-in Ukpite in amau uk sung ciatah mi kaihkhop sakin, Sukte gam panin mi 250, Kamhau gam panin, mi 700, Sihzang gam panin, mi 83, a gawm mi 1033 ngah sak uh hi. A kingen zah sangin a tam zaw ngah sak uh hi.
Gal huh ding a apai mite Tedimah kha 3 sung nasep sinsak phot uh hi. Kha 3 sung a man khit uh ciangin inn lamah kha lang sung ciah khuan pia uh hi. 1917 May 15 ni-in gal huh ding mi 1033-te Tedimah kituah uh a, Franch gal mai a na sem dingin, Tedim khua panin anuai a bangin pai uh hi.
1917 May 27: Zingsang nai 10:00 Tedim panin Dimlo-ah giak uh hi.
1917May 28: Dimlo panin Thangpi-ah giak hi.
1917May 30: Tulsuk panin Kawlpi-ah giak hi.
1917May 31: Kawlpi panin Gun khawm tung uh a, Gun khawm panin tum theih a tuamtuam tawh na muak uh hi.
1917 June: Gunkhawm panin Tembaw tawh Myanyanah zan thum tam uh hi.
1917 June 8: Myanyan panin Yangon tung uh hi. Sya Po tha in zing an nekpihin France pai ding teng, zatep bu nih, Khakhi puan-ak khat tek, pheituam khat, puan-ak tungsilh khat maimul khat leh sunsiah phel khat tek pia uh hi.
1917 June 9: Zogam panin a ki kha sukte tawh mangpha kikhakin, Yangon pan Tembaw tawh ding khia uh hi. 1917 June 13, Nitak nai 5:00 India Khuapi Culcutta tung uh a, Keizangte Khoigin a kam sung meima-inZato kahin Zato panin si hi. A luang mei tawh hal ding deihlo uh a hih manin, Vung Zakham maikai-in Khuapi pan tai 15 a ki gamlatna-ah vui uh hi.
1917June 24: Nitak nai 5:00 Culcutta pan Meileng tawh Bombay pai hi.
1917June 28: Nitak nai 6:00-ah Bombay khua tungin Zato-ah ki ensak uh a, khua vot thuak zolo mi 15 ciah sak uh hi.
1917June 29: Nitak nai 3:00 Sente¡ö Tembaw tuangin Bombay pan ding khia uh hi. Arabia tuipi tungah ni 13 sung paisuak uh hi.
1917 July 14: Nitak nai 5:00-in Eden huan tung uh a Inn sung lutpah theilo uh hi. Nai.7:00Pm, ciang lut thei uh hi.
1917 July 17: Eden pan Tembaw tawh ni 4 sung pai uh a, Izipt gam Suez canal zuan uh hi. 1917 ni 21 ni-in, Suez tung uh a, Tua kikal sehnel gam bekbek a hi hi. Suez canal pen Englandte¡övanleng phualpi hi a, a galvanlengte uh muhnop sa mahmah uh hi.
1917 July 26: Nitak nai 6:00 Suez Khuapi panin Meileng tawh pai uh hi.
1917 July 27: Zingsang 8:00 Egypt gam Alexandria khuapi tung uh a, nitak lamin Tembaw tawh paisuakin Italy gam Toronto khuapi tung uh hi. Tua mun pen nisat mahmah na mun hi a, amau¡ö suan tawm singkung bek po hi. Sing hamsa mahmah hi. Tui nisa-ah lumsak masa-in tua khit ciangin meitungah suang pan uh hi. Sing kung tungah Toktol tam mahmah ahih manin, Toktol khua ci-in ciamteh uh hi.
1917Augustni 6 ni-in. Toronto khua panin meileng tawh ni 8 sung pai-in, Moh leh niangtui bekbek tawh vakin nuamsa mahmah uh hi.
1917August14: Franch Khuapi Marselles a tun uh ciangin, Khasum Rs. 50/- Oversea Allowvance Rs. 100/- sang sak uh hi. Sukte leh Sihzang mi teng, No.61 Labour Corp min pia-in, Kamhau¡ö mi No. 62 Labour Corp min pia a, Capt, Rund-all in uk hi.
1917 Aug 24: Marselles khua panin meileng tawh ding khia kikin, England leh Germanyte¡ö kikapna mun Bikot camp 1917 August 27 ni-in tung uh hi.
Tua lai-ah nasep laitakin, Tonzangte Neng Zalang in khutlet bomb khat puakkhamsak kha a hih manin, mi 6 liamin tuate Zato pension kipia hi. Bikot camp panin Brazil-ah ki tuah kik uh a, tua campah a om sungun sun leh zanin thauging bekbek kawlmim kanpuak ging bangin tai 100 huam sung, thautang san ziahzuah ci-in lim gen mahmah uh hi.
Piancit paite pen galkap hilo-in vansiate khawmtuah, galte¡ö zat ding thauvui thautang annek tui dawn, a suah a sang leh a kisam bangbang a sem uh a hi hi. Tua bangin a lauhuai galmai samai-ah lungleng khuangai-in a om sungun, a ki hehnepna-un, Alexandria khua a a om sung vua, Gualkhate tawh tuipek a kidemna uh khawng, Arabia tuipi tung a nawk lai vua, amuh uh ngasa inn ciacia a phate kikumin holim mahmah uh hi.
Alexandria a om sungun Gualkhate tawh tuipek kidem uh a, Gualkha galkap 9, Zato kipuak a hih manin, tuipek ding kikham hi. Arabia tuipi kantanin, tui hualte nasia lua mahmah ahih manin, Motor kham bangin khamin an ne zolo tui dawn zolo-in a om laitakun inn ciacia, saipi ciacia a pha ngasa (Whale) gual khat ciangin tul val bang a pha ding tai 2 sung bang, nisuahna pan nitumna lam manawhin a tai hanhan ngasa a muh uh ciangin lamdang sa-in muhnop sa mahmah uh hi.
Bikot khua a om lai-un a na seppih uh midangte tawh, lungnop nadingin bawlung kidem zel uh hi. Tua kidemna-ah na zo uh a hih manin, Piancitte in lamdang sa-in a pahtawina uh Lian Zakham in a nuai abangin la na phuak hi.
(a) Piantui a zal mi zatam tein, kua vontawi bel hiam ci e,
(b) Kua vontawi ci’n khau bang sut ing, puvon ngo sal bang lange,
Hih bangin ihpu ihpate ahunhun amunmunah, midangte¡ö sangin a hatnate uh na lakkhia uh a, mite zahtak leh pahtwi-in na om uh hi. Bikot campah a om sungun, England galkap suah theih nadingin British Parliament-ah ngen uh a, England Kumpi in ih pu ihpate, galhan dan, galsiam dan thei khin uh a hih manun, piak dingin thu zasak uh hi.
Tua hun laitakin Tonzangte Khup Zadal in, kampau khialhna khat tawh kimanin, a suahtak khit ciangin buksau natna khat tawh si hi. Tua pa pen England galkapte in thupi takin zahtakna tak tawh vui uh hi. 1917 December kha-in, England Prime Minister leh galkap mang pawl khatte Brazil camp-ah pai uh a, Tonzangte Gin vum leh a lawmte pawl khat in, zahtakna na pialo kha uh a hih manin kha 3 sung thong kiasak hi.
2. London paina:
Brazil camp a na semte khen 78, pha uh a, tua sung panin No. 61 leh No. 62, Labour corpte¡ö hanciamna leh nasep siamna minthang mahmah a hih manin, Kumpi King george V. in, ¢¨Ki mu nuam ing,¡ø ci a hih manin, a kimu dingin corp 2 sung panin ki teng khia uh hi. Tuate Kumpipa tawh kimu dingin, 1918 Marc ni 9 ni-in ding khia-in, ni 10,ni-in, Boulogue khua pan Tembaw tawh English Channel kantanin pai uh a, nitak nai 4-in England Tembaw khawlna tung uh hi. Tua panin Meileng tawh pai-in, nitak nai 9-in London meileng khawlna tung uh hi. Tua lai-ah Uliante in na dawn uh a, Indiate¡ö tunna inn khat (9th Floor) tung sak uh hi.
Tua inn deipi sungah Prime Minister leh Minister dangte in na muak uh hi. Zingsang nai 11, ciangin kumpipa tawh kimu ding leh, galkap puan silh ding vaikhak uh a, khut kilenin kikhen uh hi. England Kumpi in a khangkhangin atenna Buckingham place-ah Kumpi King george v. tawh kimu ding a pai teng:-
Mawlaik Deputy Commissioner F.O. Fowler
Subidar Mangpum (Khuasak)
Interpreter Thawng Zakai (Muizawl)
Company Commender.Songtheu (Tualzang)
Interpreter. Thuampau (Khawsak)
Company Commander.Vungh Zakham (Tonzang)
Company commander. Kam Zanang (Tuipi)
Company Commander. Hau Zanang (Heilei)
Platoon Comander. Hang Khawcin (Tuitawh)
Platoon Commander. Thiaukam (Kaptel)
Sergeant. Vialzen (Vangteh)
3. Kumpipa tawh kimuhna:
1918 March 11 zingsang nai 8,-in,Uliante in a zintunna uh panin Motor tawh la-in Kumpipa tawh Kumpipa¡ö innah paipih uh hi. Khamtawh kizut a sau mahmah Saha 4 leh sailu 2 a kisuanna Kumpipa¡ö zin dona inn dei sungah kigualin, Kumpipa¡ö hong pai ding ngak uh hi. Zingsang nai 9-in Kumpipa a galkap puan tawh kizemin huihluai tawh hong tuak sukin, 3 vei zahtakna a piak khit uh ciangin khut kilenin a nuai a bangin kumpipa in thu hong gen hi.
4. Kumpipa thu gente:
Hih zahtak a a gamla, Zogam Tedim panin, gal huh ding a hong pai Labour corp 61 leh 62 sung panin, galmai nasepna khempeuhah deihsakna tak tawh, hanciamin paubanna omlo-in, hoihtakin zo cih ka za hi. Ka lungdamna bangmah tawh kiteh theilo-in ka lungdam hi. Leitung hunah, England Kumpi¡ö thu neihna a bei matengin, England mi khat ka om lai tengun, Zomi, Tedim mi peuhmah gilkial dangtakin hong puk sisak lo ding hi ung. Na gentheihna mun khempeuh vuah England Kumpi in hongkem ding hi ung.” Ci-in thu a gen khit ciangin, “Note tawh sau veipi ka om nop hangin, ka nasepna tamin hun ngahlo ka hihmanin, ka dah mahmah hi. London khua-ah na om sungun, na lamdang tuamtuamte Ministerte in hong lak kawikawi ding hi,” ci-in thu a gen khit ciangin, khut kilenin kikhen uh hi.
Tua khit ciangin Zo mi Tedim mite, Kumpipa lim kisuanna inn dei sungah, man (Photo) kizaih uh hi. Minister khat in makaihin kumpipa¡ö inn sung panin nidang lai a, mawhnei kumpinu kithahna nalamdang tuamtuamte etpih kawikawi hi. Kumpipa inn tai 2 huam bang zai hi. Inn tungah dial mun 16-ah kikhai a, Nidang lai London khua meikatna leh, zinlinna te lim sungah ensak uh hi.
Kumpi inn sungah naupang kum 12 gual a pha mi 150-te in, Kumpipa lungnopna dingin, nisimin Benkhaza (Music) tumin lam zel uh hi, ci-in ki gen hi.
1918 March 12, ni-in Parliament kikhopna-ah kahsak uh hi. A pai ma-un Kumpipa Zum khan vel masa uh hi. Parliament kikhopna inn sung a lut uh ciangun, mipite in zahtakna pia-in ding uh hi. Kikhopna a man uh ciangin, Kawlgam Governorpa in, a innah moh leh niangtui tawh vak hi. Tua lai a nasep sin Kawl mi 13-te tawh, kiho khawmin nitak ciangin Cenima etpih uh hi.
1918 march 13, zingsang an nek khit ciangin, ganhing khawina (Zoo) en uh hi. A ciah uh ciangin Whiter leh whiteson companyte in, Singgahtui tawh vak hi.
1918 March14 ni-in, England Kumpi a sem ngei khempeuh leh, vaihawm ulian khempeuhte¡ö laizangah, Kumpi King george V. 4-te¡ö innkuan lim omna etpih uh hi. Tua mun a cing galkap khat, Songtheu in milim sa-in a khamul a lawnsak kha hi. Tua lai pen milim lah mihing kisa, mihing lah milim kisa thei hi, ci-in gen uh hi. Nitak lam ciangin, Kham leh ngun ki bawlna sik namkim leh van tuamtaum kibawlna munte en uh hi. 1918 March 15 nitak an nek khit ciangin, London khua nawl a om vanleng bawlna mun etpih uh hi.
1918 march 16 ni-in India Governorpa in an vak a, An a nek khit uh ciangin Roll company leh Whiteson Companyte in sam leuleu uh hi. Nek theih dawntheih tuamtuam tawh zindo uh hi. Roll Company inntung a sang pen munah, bawlung tualpi om a, tua panin London khua sung kimu thei hi. Roll Company inn laizangah inn tung leh inntual kikal, khuampi khat om a, a kim kot mel tuamtuam nei singpek tawh kizem hi. Sabuai bangin ki umcip hi. Tua khuam pen a tawntungin kipei den a, van leite in khuam kipei den tunga sabuai sungah sum khia leh vante a mau¡ö gei sabuai-ah hong pai lel hi, ci-in gen uh hi.
Lampi gei vanzuaknate- ah, a van man zah ding sum kikhia-in, Switch ki mek leh a leinop van pusuak hi. 1918 March 20 ni-in ciah kik ding gelna a om hangin, Germany galkap a kiman tul 300-te puakna-in Tembaw teng kizang ahih manin, ciah theilo uh hi.
1918 March 22, ni-in London pan ciahkhia-in, Brazil camp a tun uh ciangin, England galkap lut theihna ding lai tunga, galkap a suak nuamte galkap dan sin dingin Lyons camp-ah kisuan uh hi. Tuate pai khiat ni zanin, thautang koihna innpi bomb in kha a, tua munah ki om ngam nawnlo-in mundangah kitai hi. Galtaina mun panin, England galkap a suak nuam lote inn lamah ciahsak hi. England galkap suak a, Lyons camp a galkap sinte a nuai abangin za kipia hi:-
1.Capt F.O Fowler – Colonel
2. Gordon - Lt. Colonel
3. Warald – Major
4. Ohtakhin –Captain
5. Thawng Zakai -Captain –Muizawl
6. Thuampau - Captain –Khuasak
7. Vung Zakham - Leutanant –Tonzang
8. Songtheu - Leutanant Kaptel
9. Kam Zamang - Lieutanant –Tuipi
10. Kimvungh -Lieutanant – Lamzang
11. Do Cinlian -Lieutanant – Haupi
12. Cinkhai -2nd,Lieutanant –Tuitum
13. Lian Zathang -Lieutanant – Laitui
14. Pau Cinlian -Lieutanant – Gamngai
15. Pau Zacin -Subidar – Suangzang
Atung a bangin za tuamtuamte a piak banah, Sergeant, Corporal akipan za tuamtuam a ngah tampi ki om hi. Tuate Lyons camp-ah nipi 3 sung galkap dan a sin sak laitakin Zo gam panin laikhak ki ngah a, Kuki Thahdo leh Hakha gal kisimna hangin lo ki kho theilo cih thu a zak ciangun, Zo gam ciah kik dinga khuan ngen uh a, 1918 July kha-in hong ciahin August kha-in Tedim hong tung uh hi. Piancit gamah Kum khat leh kha 6 sung na sem uh a, galmai leh natna tawh hong sihsante longal, Mangkang Kumpi in minphatna PAHTAWINA LAI (Certificate) khat ciat hi bangin pia hi.
CERTIFICATE
This is Certificate is given to ------------ who enrolled voluntarily as a mate in the Burma labour Corp and worked in france for the British Government during the great war. He worked loyally and well in all; weather by night as well as by day and every advance and often dangerous condition and willingly and cheerfully bare his share of the burdens of the day. This fact should ever be remembered to his credit by those who have any dealings with him and may all officials deal with him and his family in the liberal for him on which the place his service at the disposed of the empire in its hour of stress may he and his family never be forgotten.
Sd/-
F.O Fowler (Capt)
Burma Commission
Piancit pai Labour Corps a nasemte lungzuan khuangaihna tuamtuam kawm kalah mi 23 te in hong nusia uh hi. Tuate in:-
1. Ngul Ngin 4. 10. 1917
2. Thang Eng 25. 12. 1917
3. Tut Lang 29. 10. 1917
4. Tuang Pum 9. 12. 1917
5. Vial Dam 9. 12. 1917
6. Gin Neng 31. 10. 1917
7. Vum Dam 26. 10. 1917
8. Kam Mang 28. 10. 1017
9. Ngo Kam 9. 10. 1917
10. Tual Kim 4. 9. 1917
11. Lun Kap 7. 12. 1917
12. Son Neng 7. 11. 1918
13. Kai Ngin 23. 10. 1918
14.Ma Ha Peng 21. 12. 1918
15.Khoi Gin 6. 6. 1917
16.Khup Za Dal 15. 10. 1917
17.Lang Za Khen 12. 2. 1917
18.Suan Thawng 29. 1. 1918
19.Zuan Pum 28. 12. 1918
20.Ngin Dam 7. 3. 1918
21.Siat Lut 9. 3. 1918
22.Kham Ngul 27. 4. 1918
23.Pau Pum 29. 1. 1918

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